Chapter 6Demography

6.1 Census Data

Bengaluru has a long history, but the recording of census of population in Bengaluru began from 1871. It is notable here that since the first census, Bengaluru has been the most populous city in the State of Karnataka. Bengaluru has retained its primacy in the state for more than a century now. RMP-2031, given the available census information, has extracted population data for the unified area (BMA) for the past five decades i.e 1971 to 2011. Census information broadly coincides with the formation of BDA in 1976 and that the Jurisdiction of BMA has remained constant for all these years except for modifications due to administrative changes. However, the municipal boundaries/ urban agglomeration have changed every decade. In case of BBMP, present municipal boundaries have been used to arrive at historical data for BBMP.

BMA comprises of LPA of BDA (1206.97 sqkm) and part of LPA of BMICAPA (87.03 sqkm). Also, BMA comprises of BBMP and 251 villages around the BBMP. It is important to note here that several villages and BBMP is governed by two authorities (BDA and BMICAPA), for this reason Master Plan has considered the entire BMA, BBMP and Villages for extraction and analysis of population within BMA.

Population in BBMP and BMA has grown rapidly as evident from Table 6-1, which presents the growth of population in BBMP, BMA and villages within BMA for past five decades and Figure 6-1 presents the details of planning area.

Source: Census of India Handbooks and Master Plan Analysis, 20115-16

Note: GR- Decadal Growth Rate between two Census Years, CAGR – Compounded Annual Growth Rate

BBMP has consistently experienced high growth rates though there are variations between the decades. The growth rate in villages in BMA has doubled during 2001 to 2011. Due to larger influence of BBMP in the BMA, the BMA trend line is following the BBMP and is susceptible to this pattern in future considering the large chunk of lands available for development in the surrounding villages. This requires a clear supporting policy and regulatory framework supported with measures

to make the agricultural land in the BMA as productive asset for facilitating conservation of the agricultural land.

Figure 6-1: Population Growth in BMA (2001 to 2011)

Source: Census of India Handbooks and Master Plan Analysis, 2014-15

Assessment of growth rates within BMA in the past census decade (Figure 6-1), indicates that growth rates in most of the wards of the city’s core area (inside ORR) have been found to be in the negative, whereas a positive and a prominent growth rate is found in most of the wards belonging to the peripheral areas.

The BMA has been classified into three spatial spreads a) BBMP wards within ORR, b) BBMP wards outside ORR and up to the BBMP boundary and c) Villages in BMA to understand the spatial spread of the population. The population distribution in BMA in 2001 and 2011 is given in Table 6-2 and Figure 6-2. Figure 6-3 shows the population distribution of wards of BBMP and the villages in BMA as per population class range.

Source: Census of India Handbooks and Master Plan Analysis, 2014-15

AUTHORITY ★

Figure 6-2: Population Distribution within BMA

Source: Census of India Handbooks and Consultant’s analysis, 2014-15

Figure 6-3: Population Distribution in BMA

Source: Census of India Handbooks and Master Plan Analysis, 2014-15

AUTHORITY ★

Population Density is defined as the number of persons per hectare (PPH). As per the census records of 2001 and 2011, the population density values for the BMA and the BBMP have gone up from 47 to 70 and 82 to 119, respectively, whereas the population density in village has doubled from 5 to 10 pph. Around 23 inhabitants were added on every hectare of BMA during the 2001-11 whereas in BBMP, 37 persons have been added for every hectare during the same period. The core areas of the city have high density; while it reduces as moving away from core to the peripheral areas (Table 6-3). However, with close observation the percentage change in the density is at the highest with 118% for the wards located outside ORR in the BBMP followed by the villages with 99% in the 251 Villages in BMA. The core city area which has wards inside the ORR has exhibited growth of only 17% during 2001-11. The ward wise and village wise population density for BMA for the year 2001 and 2011 is presented in Figure 6-4 and Figure 6-5 respectively

Source: Census of India Handbooks and Master Pan Analysis, 2014-15

Figure 6-4: Population Density of BMA 2001

BANGALOE AUTHORITY ★

Figure 6-5: Population Density of BMA 2011

Source: Census of India Handbooks and Master Plan Analysis, 2014-15